ABSTRACT
CONTENTS 15.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 15.2 Opportunistic Social Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
15.2.1 Social-Based Routing Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 15.3 Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
15.3.1 Crowdsourcing-Based Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 15.3.2 Eco-friendly Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 15.3.3 Social-Based Routing Protocols in VSNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
15.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
The delay-tolerant network (DTN) routing mechanism in mobile scenarios provides capabilities for nodes to opportunistically communicate with each other depending on the current environment. Basically, this mechanism requires nodes to cooperate on the level of packet forwarding: when a node wants to transmit a message to another node, the message can be opportunistically routed through relay nodes, under the assumption that each node is willing to participate in the forwarding process.
