ABSTRACT
The chapter explores 13 African states, including the self-proclaimed state of Somaliland, Angola, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Somalia and South Africa and South Sudan, Uganda and Zimbabwe. It deals with what is meant by varieties of liberation movement and seeks to conceptualise post-independence liberation movements that have been able to form so-called 'movement governments'. The chapter explores liberation movement governments' successes or failures in creating democratic regimes and their commonalities and differences. It also offers an analysis of relative success and failure in response to economic growth and human security. Several processes are essential to the post-liberation political settlement. First, there is the creation of a national army and a monopoly over the use of force and coercion to prevent a descent into chaos, as in the case of Somalia and South Sudan. Second, there is a need to commence state-building by controlling the existing machinery of government or constituting a new government from the remains of old regime.
