Verbs with a weak final radical https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315620091/1e85dcd9-67fa-4282-a164-2a1659972fa7/content/inline2172.tif"/> /w/ or https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315620091/1e85dcd9-67fa-4282-a164-2a1659972fa7/content/inline2173.tif"/> /y/ are called defective verbs https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315620091/1e85dcd9-67fa-4282-a164-2a1659972fa7/content/inline2174.tif"/> The final weak radical appears as ᵓalifا/ā/ or ᵓalif maqṣūrah https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315620091/1e85dcd9-67fa-4282-a164-2a1659972fa7/content/inline2177.tif"/> /ā/ in the basic verb form (perfect, third person masc. sing.) upon combining with the personal ending. The defective verbs fall into the following categories according to their vocalization: