ABSTRACT
We present conceptualizations of participatory/collaborative leadership approaches. We discuss the participatory/collaborative approaches’ emphasis on collective phenomena, interdependence, broad participation, and strategic organization of relationships and participation. We highlight the intersection of participatory/collaborative approaches with democratic theory, theories of motivation and commitment, as well as research on trust and adaptability in organizations. We conclude with a short review of participative/collaborative leadership and productivity and a discussion of challenges related with the approaches.
